Quality of Life and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptom Outcomes at Baseline and During Treatment Follow-Up: A Prospective Observational Study in a University Hospital Setting
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the influence of quality of life (QoL) and its associated factors on depression, using a prospective design.
Material and Methods: Longitudinal data were collected at baseline and three months post-treatment between March 2023 and March 2024 at a university hospital outpatient clinic. Depressive symptoms and QoL were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the WHOQOL-BREF Thai Version, respectively. Relationships between depression and QoL were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation, while multivariable regression analyses identified predictors of depression at both time points.
Results: A total of 80 participants with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) were enrolled, with 53 completing the three-month follow-up. Significant improvements in depressive symptoms and QoL were observed following treatment. At three months, depressive symptoms were negatively correlated with QoL (ρ=-0.60, p-value<0.001). Key predictors of depression symptoms severity included stressors within the past month at baseline (adjusted coefficient=8.63, p-value=0.005), younger age, as well as the psychological and physical health domains of QoL at three months post-treatment (adjusted coefficients=-0.79, p-value<0.001; -0.49, p-value=0.012; -0.09, p-value=0.030, respectively).
Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of addressing stressors and QoL domains during treatment. Future research should incorporate larger cohorts, longer follow-up periods, and more comprehensive assessments of stressors to validate these results and improve clinical practice.
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